ӵ (Speed of light)
ӵ Ÿ¡C ߿ ĵǴ ӵ ϴٴ μ Constant ǹ̸ , ù ڸ ӵ ǥϰ ȴ.
ӵ Ÿ ȭ ֱ ȭ Romer ߰ ̰ Huygens 1678 ̴. Ͽ ˷ ӵ C 2.9979250 x 108m/sec ̴.
е , е n ̶ ϸ ̶ ӵ v ̴.
Cherenkov radiation
ڰ ϴ ӵ ( v ) ( c ) ( n ) Ŭ Ͼ μ , 쿡 Ͼ ʰ Ŭ Radiation Ѵ.
ؼ 쿡 ļ Ǵ° ϰ ִ.
ݱ ˷ μ ڰ ˵ ̸ ܰ˵ ˵ ̵ϴ ȴٴ Ȯϰ ִ ̴. ˵ Ӹ ƴ϶ ÿ ̿ شϴ İ ȴ.
c h ӵ Plank , m1 v1 ӵμ ̷ Ȳ ʹ n شϴ ȴ. ̶ ڿ Ҹڴ m1 ӵ v1 ũ Ҹ ʹ ª Ǵ ݸ鿡 Ϲ ü õü ʹ ũ ӵ ȴ.
װ ӵ شǴ ȴٴ ְ
ִ. ܷ ġ Ȳ μ ְ ȴ.
ڿ迡 ־ ۿϴ ñ ̶ܷ Ž ȸ ϳ
̴. ϳ η ̰ ٸ ϳ ̴.
̸ ְ η° ٸ ֿ ü ü ̶ ̴.
Ǿ ǵȴ.
Ŀ m1 v1 ӵ Ѵ.
ó m1 ӵ v1 ۵ǰ ٽ κʹ n ο ϰ ȴ. ̿ .
̹Ƿ l n ᱹ Ʒ ȴ.
ó Ǿ ٸ ġ ʹ ٽ ij ο ϰ Ǵ ݺ ̴.
Ͽ Ǿ ְ ä ̴.
ְ ƿ ڵ ְ 뷫 µ 2.9 k شϴ ϰ ִ ȮϿµ ̸ ΰ 籤 (background radiation) ̶ ϰ ִ.
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lm() |
ѷ, ( κ ñ ѷ ) |
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cd(ĭ) |
Ȥ
(κ ŭ ִ° Ÿ ) |
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lx(轺) |
(1lx 1 1 ǰ ) |
ֵ |
nt(Ʈ)
(cd/ ) |
κ ü
1 1cd (cd/ ) ֵ 1nt Ѵ.
ŭ ϰ ִ° ǥϴ , ֵ κ ŭ ̴° Ÿ. |
UV
irradiance |
mW/cm2 |
uv ü uv
ԻǴ (UVA, UVB, UVC,VUV ) ȯ mW Ȥ W Ÿ |
UV
UV Eenergy
Total Exposure |
mJ/c |
uv ü uv ⸦ ϴĿ Ǵ . Ǵ ð Ǵ , Ǵ ð ª Ǵ ۾.
Total Exposure, UV Eenergy Ʒ .
E=I rradiance x time
=I xt
=mW/cm2 X sec(W.sec=J)
=mJ/cm2 |
1) (Energy of Light)
E = h n ǥ ְ , c = n l ̹Ƿ energy ̴. ⼭ h plank (6.626 x 10-34 Js), c ӵ (3 x 108 m/s), l wavelength
ª energy ũ.
뱤 ð ̱ ؼ ª Beam ϸ , ñ ̳ I R UV 뱤 翡 Ǵ â ȴ.
2) ش
, Projection 뱤 Ŀ Ի籤 ª ش ϹǷ UV ϰ ȴ.
Beam ش Ʒ İ . ̴.
⼭ k1 ϴ ۾ ǿ , l lens ԻǴ ̸,
NA Numerical Aperture μ NA = sin q ȴ.
Beam ̷ lens ߽ lens Ѵ.
(Propagation of Beam)
Ϲ ܷ Ѵ. Ÿ , ð ּ θ ʴ´ (Fermat's Principle).
̴ ű ǥ ѷ Ⱑ ̿ µ̸ Ǿ е ´. е ϰ Ǿ ǥ ϹǷ ϰ ȴ.
, ϴ , е , ߷ ΰ ٲ Ѵ. ϴ ĵdz , Ͽ ϴ ڿ Ͼ , е̿ ΰ ֱ Ѵ.
ΰ ٲ ȴ. ū ߷ ֺ
ϴ ߷¿ ΰ ְ ȴ.
(Ϲ : Spherical Aberration)
Lens ġ ƿĿ ġ ̴.
Ի籤̶ Lens ߽ ϴ Beam Lens ֺ ϴ Beam ȴ. ̷ ̱ ؼ lens ϱ Ѵ.
ִ ٴ ó ϰ Ǯ ó δ.
̵ ݻ 濡 ϴ , ϰ Ǹ ̸ ִ. Newton ݻ 濡 ݻ ܼ ƴ ͵ ϱ ؼ.
( : Chromatic Aberration)
忡 鿡 ٸ ª ũ
۾. ü κ ü ϴ ٸ ϰ ȴ. ̷ 鿡 ٸ лǴ ( : Chromatic Aberration) Ѵ.
ִ. ϰ Ի 忡 ٸ ϰ , ϰ Ի 忡 鿡 ũⰡ ٸ ΰ Ǵµ ̸ Ѵ.
Ͼ Ÿ ϰ Ÿ. ǰ , ٺδ 忡 ̰ л ϴ .
Ӱ谢 ݻ (Critical angle & Total Internal Reflection)
ٸ Ի 鿡 Ͼ鼭 ٲ ȴ.Ի簢 Ϸ ۾ ϰ Ǿ ̻ ܺη ʰ ȴ.
̶ Ӱ谢 (Critical angle) ̶ Ѵ.
Ӱ谢 ٽ η ݻϰ Ǵµ ̸ ݻ (Total internal reflection) Ѵ. ̷ ݻ ̿Ͽ η ִ.
ݻ
(Refraction of beam)
ٸ Ի 鿡 Ͼ鼭 ٲ ȴ.
̶ üе ٸ Ǵ ο ϰ ȴ.
ִ ִ. Ͽ ϴ δ ٸ ȴ. Snell Ģ ִ.
⺸ е ū ٸ Ի ̷ Ͽ q i Իϸ е ū ϴ Ի簢 Ǿ ϰ ȴ.
踦 ǥϸ . Ի簢 ϴ.
(Theory of Relativity)
Ư 뼺 ̷
1. ϰ ִ ذ迡 Ģ ϴ.
2. ӵ ¿ ڿ Ͽ ϴ.
뼺 ȿ
1. ð 뼺 (ð â , ð :Time delay) : ֵ , Time machine
t0 : ڿ ִ ð
t : ڿ ϰ ִ ð迡 ð
v : ӵ
c :
2. (Length contraction) : ӵ ̰ ª
3. ; ۴.
Inverse Square Law ( Ģ)
Point source Beam ̴.
Point source Intensity Io, Ÿ (R) ġ Beam Intensity I ? ϸ ,
Ÿ 2R I ? = Io /4, Ÿ 3R I ? = Io/9, Ÿ 4R I ? = Io/16 Ѵ.
, ̸ Ÿ Ģ̶ Ѵ.
, ڿ迡 ϴ , Coulomb force , Gravitational force Ģ .
Coulomb force Fc ȴ ,
Gravitational force
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