, ڿܼ, ܼ
ʵб ٴ Ѵٰ .
б ٴ ϸ鼭 Ѵٰ ٰ, б ð Ǹ ڱ
( : Photon)̸, ( : wave) ̷鼭 Ѵٰ .
ΰ Ѵٰ ߴٰ, Ѵٰ ٰ, б ڱ ڶ
() , ȸ , 2 ĵ ϱ
̺(sine wave) ,.. ׳ ° ڱ ġ ļ ġġ
.
. е ̰, ˱
Ǯ ϱ...!
, , ¤ Ѿ.
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ȸ
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ĵ ȸ
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1.
ʵб ó Ѵ.
ڼ ϸ ܼ ϴ° ƴ϶, ϰ, ϰ,
ȸ ϰ, ϱ Ѵ.
ڰ ĵ ġ ϰ ̴ ̴.
ڰ հ ° ƴ϶ ġ ĵ ġ
() · ´. () ڰ 5 ó
ĵ ġ ϰ δ. ĵ ̿ Ÿ ( :Wave)
ĵ ( : Length) ( :Wave Length)̶ Ѵ.
( :Wave) + ĵ ( :Wave) ( : Length) = ( :Wave Length)
() ˾ 730-780 nm (:Red) ̰,
670-730 nm Ȳ, 380-430 nm (:Violet) ̴ ˰ Ǿ.
ڿܼ ª, ܼ
2. ñ
Ű ġ ̶ Ѵ.
츮 ġ° ƴϴ.
̴ ˾Ҵ.
̴ ƴϴ. δ.
б ٴ ߰ ڿ ũ ġϸ ũ ġ
,,,,,, ģ. ̰ ٸ,
庰 ٸ ̴. б ̴ ִ ,
бϸ ,,,,,, ٴ ǹ̴ , ̿ܿ
ٸ ִٴ ̴. б б 鼭 ̷ ڿܼ, ̶ܼ .
ڴ ں ٸ.
ڴ 100nm ̰, ڴ 400nm ̰, ڴ 700nm δ.
10nm-1.000.000nm - 鸸 (ڱ) ߿ 380nm-780nm
() ̰, δ١ ǹ̿ ñ(ʦ :Visible)̶
θ Ǿ.
ʱ () ˾ 730-780nm ( : Red)
̰, 670-730 nm Ȳ, 380-430 nm (:Violet) ̴
˰ Ǿ
η â , ڿ ŭ ϴٰ ϴ ִ.
380nm-780nm ̴ ۿ ̾ 翡
Ұϴ. ʸ ߿ 380nm-780nm ̴ ۿ
翡 Ұ ̴.
ݸ ѳ ̹ Ұ û̴ ܼ , ڿܼ δ.
ΰ ϴٰ ڸ ƴ϶ ϴ տ ʿ䰡 ?
3. ܼ
ʾ ̴ (ʦ :Visible) ִ ˾Ҵ.
м ϸ鼭 (:Red) ξ ͵ ְ, (:Violet)
ξ ª ͵ ִٴ ˰ Ǿ.
1800 ÿ(F.W.Herschel), ̴ ִµ ̰
ȿ ִٴ ߰ϰ, 1835 A.Ampere ڵ ̸ ̰,
ñ ڱ ˾Ƴ½ϴ.
3.1. ̶ܼ θ
(:Red) ڴ и ϴµ ʰ ̸
ġ ʾ ӽ÷ (:Red) () ִ ̶
( = )̶ θٰ, ܾ ʹ θⰡ ª ٿ
ܼ()̶ θ Ǵٰ ߿ ܾ ̶ܼ ̸ Ǿ.
δ ڿ, ǡ ǹ Infra λ縦 (Red)տ ٿ
( : Infra Red) θ ó ܼ( : Infra Red)̶ ܾ
Ī Ǿ.
(Red) + ڿ, (Infra) = (Red) ( : Infra Red)
ܼ( : Infra Red)
ܼ
3.2. ܼ
ٷ ۿ ִ 780-2000nm ܼ Ƿ ٴ ǹ ()ڸ
ٿ ܼ( : Near Infra Red)̶ θ, ſ ܼ
ִ١( : Far) ()ڸ ٿ ܼ( : Far Infra Red)̶
ҷ.
ܼ ܼ Ͽ ϴٰ 2 ߰ ſ ٸ 2000-4000nm
ܼ ˰ Ǿ ̸ ġ ʾ ϴٰ θ ġ ʾ
߰ ִ ܼ , ܼ( : Middle Infra Red)̶ θ Ǿ.
ܼ Near Infra Red ̶ θ NIR̶ ٿ θ, ܼ
Middle Infra Red ̶ θ װ͵ MIR ٿ θ, ܼ
Far Infra Red̶ θ ư ʰ ʹ Ƿ FIR̶ ڷ θµ,
װ͵ ѱ۰ ̶ܼ θ.
ܼ( : IR : Infra Red) : ()
ܼ( :N IR : Near Infra Red) ִ¼
ܼ( : MIR : Middle Infra Red) : ܼ ܼ
ܼ( : FIR : Far Infra Red) : ܼ 4000-100nm ܼ
3.3. ܼ Ư¡
ٷ ۿ ִ 780-2000nm ܼ Ƿ ٴ ǹ ()ڸ
ٿ ܼ( : Near Infra Red)̶ θ, ſ ܼ
ִ١( : Far) ()ڸ ٿ ܼ( : Far Infra Red)̶
ҷ.
ܼ ܼ Ͽ ϴٰ 2 ߰ ſ ٸ 2000-4000nm
ܼ ˰ Ǿ ̸ ġ ʾ ϴٰ θ ġ ʾ
߰ ִ ܼ , ܼ( : Middle Infra Red)̶ θ Ǿ.
ܼ ̴ Ƿ( Ƿ) , ñ ٴ
ٷ ־ ȿ پ.
η ̿ϰ, ϴ
Դ.
ܼ ȿ ϹǷ ǰ ǥ ̿ȴ.
츮 ϴ κ ҷΰ ܼ ̴.
ܼ Ǹ, ǰ ǰ () ߽Ű,
ϴ ڴ Ͽ ϴµ ̷ Ŀ ܼ ̴.
ܼ ſ Ƿ ߰ ð̳ ܼ ī ̱ ϰ,
° ٺť ϰų, ǥǸ mm հ ִ
ϴ ҵ ϹǷ , ܼ コ 쳪 ȴ.
4. ڿܼ
м ߴ ñ ܼ ִ ˾Ҵ.
1801 ȭ J.W.Ͱ ʴ ª ڰ
ʸ Ű ª ڵ ִٴ ߰ϰ
Ǿ.
4.1. ڿܼ
( : Violet) ξ ª (ڱ) ó θ° ġ ʾҴ.
ӽ÷ () () ִ ̶ ڻ ( )̶
θٰ ̸ ʹ ŷο ڿܼ()̶ ٿ ҷ. δ ش,
ص, () Ultra λ縦 ڻ(Violet)տ ٿ
ª ڻ ( : Ultra Violet) ڿ̶ܼ θ ó
ڿܼ( : Ultra Violet) Ϲ 簡 Ǿ, ó ̸ ٿ UV θ Ǿ.
庰 uv ñ, ܼ
4.2. ڿܼ
ڿܼ ٷ ִ 300-380nm ִ ͵ ְ, 10-250nm ª
ڿܼ ִ. ٷ ִ 300-380nm ڻ Ƿ , ٴ ǹ
()ڸ ٿ ڿܼ( : Near Ultra Violet), ڿܼ
ִ١( : Far) ڿܼ( : Far Ultra Violet ҷ.
Ư ڿܼ ñ̳ ܼ Ƽ ȭй Űų,
̰ų, ȭ Ȥ ռϿ ٸ ִ
ְ, 庰 뵵 ٸ.
ڿܼ ܼ Ȱ ڿܼ, ڿܼ θ ʹ
ϰ, ؼ UV-A, UV-B, UV-C θ ߴµ
ڵ ó ҷ ڿܼ, ڿ̶ܼ θ Ѵ.
4.3. ڿܼ 뵵
ڿܼ ª ϰ ħ ϴ.
ڿܼ ñ Ƿ ְ, ȭй Ѽ
ٸ ռ Ҹ ȭ ִ.
ַ ̿ϴ , ȸ, ǰ տ ϰų, ǰ
, ǥ ȭ, ǥ , ̿ϴ ȭ ̴.
ڿܼ ̿ ڿܼ зϸ , 庰 , ħ,
о߸ .
|
(mm) |
ֿ |
Ī ۿ |
ֿ뵵 |
(Energy Level) |
ħ (Premeability) |
UV-A |
355-420 |
365 |
ȭм Ʈ |
Uv ȭ ״ |
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|
UV-B |
280-315 |
296.7. 302 |
ȫݼ |
ȭ |
߰ |
߰ |
UV-C |
180-280 |
184.9. 253.7 |
ռ |
uv / |
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4.4. 忡 뵵
̿ ȴ.
ϰԴ ̶ θ ʰ, ڱ(Ѩ :
Electro Magnetic Wave) θ, ڱ ߿ ̴ ñ ̶ θ.
ڱ ̿ , о߸ .
|
з |
(nm) |
(Energy Level) |
(Premeability) |
ֿ뵵 |
UV-A |
355-420 |
365 |
ȭм Ʈ |
Uv ȭ ״ |
|
X- |
|
0.01-100 |
ſ |
very poor |
, |
ڿܼ |
UV-A UV-B UV-C |
100-380 |
|
poor |
uv ȭ, , ȭй |
ñ |
|
380-780 |
߰ |
Middle |
|
ܼ |
NIR MIR FIR |
780-2000 2000-4000 4000-100 |
|
high |
, 쳪,м |
ũ ̺ |
|
100 ̻ |
ſ쳷 |
very high |
ü ,м,, |